{"id":8426,"date":"2022-01-23T02:20:08","date_gmt":"2022-01-23T02:20:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/?p=8426"},"modified":"2022-12-06T01:20:58","modified_gmt":"2022-12-06T01:20:58","slug":"from-the-star-k-bmg-chabura-first-aide-addressing-the-halachic-challenges-of-domestic-and-special-needs-aides-in-the-home","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/8426\/from-the-star-k-bmg-chabura-first-aide-addressing-the-halachic-challenges-of-domestic-and-special-needs-aides-in-the-home\/","title":{"rendered":"From the STAR-K BMG Chabura: First Aide &#8211; Addressing the Halachic Challenges of Domestic and Special Needs Aides in the Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Kashrus Kurrents, Winter 2022<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Many\nfamilies find themselves caring for aging parents or a special needs child and require\nadditional assistance. Hiring a live-in, an aide, or full-time cleaning help who\nis an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> can create many real <em>halachic<\/em> concerns. Here\nare some of the issues we address in this article:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Basar Shenis\u2019aleim\nMin Ha&#8217;ayin<\/em><\/strong>: Meat which has been left out of the watch of a <em>Yehudi<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><em>Yichud Keilim <\/em><\/strong>and<strong> <em>Bishul\nAkum<\/em><\/strong>: Kosher utensils which have been left unattended with an <em>aino\nYehudi<\/em> and their change in status when used by an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em>.<\/li><li><strong><em>Stam Yeinum<\/em><\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> Wine which may\nhave been handled by an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> in a way that would forbid a <em>Yehudi<\/em>\nfrom drinking it.<\/li><li><strong><em>Yichud<\/em><\/strong>: If a Jewish\nman or woman is left alone with a person of the opposite gender.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Basar  Shenis\u2019aleim Min Ha&#8217;ayin<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Gemara addresses a concern called <em>basar shenis\u2019aleim min ha&#8217;ayin <\/em>about a bird that may have switched a piece of kosher meat which was not being watched with a non-kosher substitute<a href=\"#_ftn1\">[1]<\/a>. In our day, that concern is expressed about an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> who may have taken kosher meat and possibly replaced it with a non-kosher piece<a href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A <em>basar\nshenis\u2019aleim min ha&#8217;ayin <\/em>concern is valid only when an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em>\nwho took the kosher meat would feel obligated to replace it. For example, if a\ncleaning lady wanted the last piece of meat in your fridge and she was nervous you\nmight confront her by asking, \u201cWhere is the meat that I left in the fridge?\u201d then,\nobviously, she would feel it necessary to replace it. This creates a <em>basar shenis\u2019aleim\nmin ha&#8217;ayin <\/em>issue<a href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>On\nthe other hand, if a friend or relative left meat at your front door, there is\nno concern of replacement, because if someone wanted the meat they would just\ntake it. In this case, there is no issue of <em>basar shenis\u2019aleim min ha&#8217;ayin<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>If one\nrecognizes the meat left in the fridge, it is called <em>t\u2019vias ayin<\/em> (eye\nrecognition) and the meat is allowed to be eaten. An extension of this concept is\nif the food configuration in the freezer looks like it did previously. This, too,\ncan be considered <em>t\u2019vias ayin<a href=\"#_ftn4\"><strong>[4]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>.\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Can\na system be put in place to assure the kosher integrity of the meat? If the <em>aino\nYehudi<\/em> is worried that a <em>Yehudi<\/em> may catch him doing something he is\nnot supposed to be doing, the<em> aino Yehudi<\/em> will refrain because of the\nfear factor of being caught. This fear factor is called <em>meirsis. Meirsis <\/em>is\ncreated by telling the <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> that he may not take any meat and\nthat you will be back soon. The concern of the <em>Yehudi\u2019s<\/em> imminent return would discourage touching or tampering<a href=\"#_ftn5\">[5]<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A\nvariation of this <em>meiris<\/em> would be to instruct the <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> to\nnot take any meat and to install a security camera in your kitchen<a href=\"#_ftn6\">[6]<\/a>. This\nwould create a constant worry by the <em>aino<\/em> <em>Yehudi <\/em>that you\u2019re\nwatching.<a href=\"#_ftn7\">[7]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Yichud Keilim <\/em>and<em> Bishul Akum<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The Shulchan Aruch tells us to be careful not to leave kosher <em>keilim <\/em>(e.g., plates, pots, cutlery) unattended due to the obvious concern that the <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> might use them with non-kosher hot foods which are forbidden to eat<a href=\"#_ftn8\">[8]<\/a>. Included in the concern of unattended <em>keilim<\/em> are microwaves, toaster ovens, waffle maker, etc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Furthermore,\none must realize that certain foods that are 100% kosher <em>l\u2019hatchila<\/em> may render\nyour cookware treif when used by an <em>aino Yehudi.<\/em> For example, if eggs,\nfish, rice, or potatoes were cooked by an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> (defined as <em>bishul\nakum<\/em>)in your kosher <em>keilim<\/em>, the <em>keilim<\/em> may become <em>treif<a href=\"#_ftn9\"><strong>[9]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/em>\n<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Optimally,\nthe most effective way to deal with this problem is to address the issue head\non and set up a system of oversight in the kitchen. This might include intermittent\nvisits to the kitchen (<em>yotzei v\u2019nichnas<\/em>) or a security camera connected\nto your phone. Anytime an <em>aino<\/em> <em>Yehudi<\/em> is involved in food\npreparation in your kitchen, the do\u2019s and don\u2019ts need to be clearly stipulated.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Stam Yeinum<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Chazal<\/em> forbade a <em>Yehudi<\/em> from drinking wine which was handled by an\n<em>aino Yehudi<\/em> for two reasons:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em>Chasnus<\/em> \u2013 minimizing\nsocialization.<\/li><li>That we should not come to drink\nwine which was poured for <em>avoda zara <\/em>(idolatrous libations)<a href=\"#_ftn10\">[10]<\/a>. <\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>It\nis important to understand that the prohibition of <em>stam yeinum <\/em>applies only\nto wine that was <em>not cooked<\/em> (<em>aino mevushal<\/em>). Cooked wine, commonly\nknown as <em>mevushal<\/em>, doesn\u2019t have any issue of <em>stam yeinum<a href=\"#_ftn11\"><strong>[11]<\/strong><\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nexact concern of Chazal were that an <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> might:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Lift an open bottle and shake it.<\/li><li>Drink from the bottle.<\/li><li>Touch the actual wine and shake his\nfinger even slightly<a href=\"#_ftn12\">[12]<\/a>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The\nproblem arises in the following scenario. If <em>aino mevushal <\/em>wine and the <em>aino\nYehudi <\/em>were left unsupervised for hours in a Jewish home, we have no way of\nknowing what he\/she may have done to the wine while no one was looking. Therefore,\nwe need to treat the situation as if the wine <em>was<\/em> touched, and the wine\nis forbidden.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Today,\nquality non-<em>mevushal<\/em> wines abound in Jewish homes. How do we resolve\nthis very real dilemma? Again, the optimal way is, as mentioned previously, to\ncreate a <em>meirsis <\/em>by telling the <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> that he\/she may not\ntouch these wines and then have someone walk in occasionally or to install a\nsecurity camera. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Purchasing\nonly <em>mevushal <\/em>wines will definitely eliminate many <em>halachic<\/em>\nquestions. Other possible solutions include: to double-seal the <em>aino\nmevushal <\/em>wine; to lock the bottles away; or to employ a recent invention of\nplacing a cap lock on the top of the bottle which can only be removed if the\ncode is known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Yichud<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There\nis an <em>issur<\/em> for a man and woman not married to one another to be\nsecluded by themselves at any time<a href=\"#_ftn13\">[13]<\/a>. A\ntypical scenario is of an elderly man with a female nurse or aide left alone in\nthe house; this could pose a real halachic problem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some\nsolutions to avoid <em>yichud<\/em> include:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Leaving the front door open at all\ntimes. The screen door may be kept closed<a href=\"#_ftn14\">[14]<\/a>.<\/li><li>Installing a camera<a href=\"#_ftn15\">[15]<\/a>.\nNote that the camera is only halachically effective if the patient is always in\nthe camera\u2019s field of vision.<\/li><li>Establishing an understanding of \u2018open\nentry.\u2019 It is clear that someone else has access to the house and can enter it at\nany time<a href=\"#_ftn16\">[16]<\/a>.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>If\nthe parent is elderly and unwell, however, a <em>rav <\/em>must be consulted because\nvarious factors have to be weighed and addressed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Final Recommendations<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It\nis strongly recommended never to indicate to an <em>aino Yehudi <\/em>that you\nwill be out for a specific amount of time, for example by stating, \u201cI\u2019ll be\nback in an hour.\u201d It is more preferable to just say, \u201cI\u2019ll be back soon,\u201d\ngiving the <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> the impression that your imminent return is\nlikely<a href=\"#_ftn17\">[17]<\/a>. As\nalways, in each individual case, a halachic authority should be consulted.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a> <em>Chullin<\/em>\n95B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> <em>Yoreh\nDe\u2019ah<\/em> 118:10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> Ibid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a> <em>Y.D.<\/em>\n63:1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> Ibid<em>.,<\/em>\n118:10<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a> Some\npeople have asked whether they could install a decoy camera instead, making the\n<em>aino Yehudi<\/em> believe they are being watched on their phone, even though they\u2019re\nnot. This should be asked to your <em>Rav<\/em>. The opinion of Rav Moshe\nHeinemann <em>shlit\u201da<\/em>, is that you can do so for a short period of time, but\nthe <em>aino Yehudi<\/em> eventually would likely figure out it\u2019s a dummy and the <em>meirsis<\/em>\nwould be over.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a> Heard\nfrom R\u2019 Moshe Heinemann <em>shlit\u201da<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\">[8]<\/a> <em>Y.D.<\/em>\n122:9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\">[9]<\/a> Ibid.,\n113:16<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\">[10]<\/a> <em>Chochmos\nAdom<\/em> 75:1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\">[11]<\/a> Ibid.,\n75:10.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\">[12]<\/a> Ibid.,\n76:7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\">[13]<\/a> <em>Even\nHa\u2019ezer<\/em> 22:1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\">[14]<\/a> Ibid.,\n22:9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\">[15]<\/a>\nIbid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\">[16]<\/a>\nIbid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\">[17]<\/a> <em>Y.D<\/em>.\n118:10.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Kashrus Kurrents, Winter 2022<\/p>\n<p>Many<br \/>\nfamilies find themselves caring for aging parents or a special needs child and require<br \/>\nadditional assistance. Hiring a live-in, an aide, or full-time cleaning help who<br \/>\nis an aino Yehudi can create many real halachic concerns. Here<br \/>\nare some of the issues we address in this article:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Basar Shenis\u2019aleim<br \/>\nMin Ha&#8217;ayin<\/strong>: Meat which has been left out of the watch of a Yehudi.<strong>Yichud Keilim <\/strong>and<strong> Bishul<br \/>\nAkum<\/strong>: Kosher utensils which have been left unattended with an aino<br \/>\nYehudi and their change in status when used by an aino Yehudi.<strong>Stam Yeinum<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong> Wine which may<br \/>\nhave been handled by an aino Yehudi in a way that would forbid a Yehudi<br \/>\nfrom drinking it.<strong>Yichud<\/strong>: If a Jewish<br \/>\nman or woman is left alone with a person of the opposite gender.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Basar  Shenis\u2019aleim Min Ha&#8217;ayin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Gemara addresses a concern called basar shenis\u2019aleim min ha&#8217;ayin about a bird that may have switched a piece of kosher meat which was not being watched [&#8230;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[224,27,318,225],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8426","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kashrus-kurrents-2022","category-kashrus-kurrents","category-kashrus-kurrents-in-app","category-winter-kashrus-kurrents-2022"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>From the STAR-K BMG Chabura: First Aide - Addressing the Halachic Challenges of Domestic and Special Needs Aides in the Home | STAR-K Kosher Certification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kashrus Kurrents, Winter 2022 Many families find themselves caring for aging parents or a special needs child and require additional assistance. 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