{"id":595,"date":"2013-08-15T20:09:34","date_gmt":"2013-08-15T20:09:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/?p=595"},"modified":"2016-05-09T15:58:08","modified_gmt":"2016-05-09T15:58:08","slug":"paradise-lost-revisited","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/595\/paradise-lost-revisited\/","title":{"rendered":"Paradise Lost – Revisited"},"content":{"rendered":"

Published Summer 2011<\/em><\/p>\n

Cura\u00e7ao? \u00a0Where is Cura\u00e7ao?\u00a0 Better yet, how do you pronounce Cura\u00e7ao?\u00a0 Cura\u00e7ao (cur-a-sow) is a small but beautiful island in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela.\u00a0 Cura\u00e7ao is one of three Leeward Islands which use to form part of the former Netherland Antilles.\u00a0 The Netherlands Antilles was made up of six Caribbean islands namely Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao in the south, St. Maarten, St. Eustatius and Saba in the central Caribbean region.\u00a0 In 1986, Aruba left the Antillean constitution to become an autonomous island nation within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.\u00a0 On October 10, 2010, Cura\u00e7ao and Saint Maarten followed suit by also becoming autonomous island nations within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.\u00a0 Bonaire, Saba and St. Eustatius opted to become special municipalities of the Netherlands.<\/p>\n

Cura\u00e7ao was discovered in 1499 by members of a Spanish expedition, and the island became a stopover for Spanish and Portuguese explorers.\u00a0 Legend has it that a number of sailors on Alonso de Ojeda\u2019s ship contracted scurvy.\u00a0 These hapless souls were left on Cura\u00e7ao, while the ship continued on its way to South America.\u00a0 Upon the ship\u2019s return, the sailors were found to be alive and well, presumably cured by eating the island\u2019s fruit containing Vitamin C.\u00a0 The name Cura\u00e7ao means \u2018the island of healing\u2019.\u00a0 A more accepted explanation is that Cura\u00e7ao is shaped like a heart, known in Portuguese as \u201ccuracao\u201d, and it was considered the \u2018heart\u2019 of the Spanish, Portuguese and Dutch trades.<\/p>\n

In 1634, the Dutch conquered Cura\u00e7ao from Spain.\u00a0 On board the fleet was the first Jew to set foot on the islands; his name was Samuel Cohen.\u00a0 By this time, Jews who had fled The Inquisition from Spain and Portugal in the late 15th century had established a thriving and influential Sephardic Jewish community in the Netherlands.\u00a0 The first successful settlement of Jews on the island of Cura\u00e7ao came in 1659, when a group of 70 Sephardic Jews from the Portuguese congregation of Amsterdam came under a charter of the Dutch West India Company.\u00a0 They granted the Jews freedom of religion, free land, freedom from taxation and protection from the authorities.\u00a0 This group brought with them the first Sefer Torah<\/em>, which according to tradition is still part of the collection of Torah<\/em> scrolls held by the Synagogue Mikve Israel Emanuel, which was built in 1732.\u00a0 The beautiful natural harbor of Willemstad, Cura\u00e7ao became a center for commerce, shipping and trade.\u00a0 Commercial success and the liberal attitude of the Dutch government towards the Jews allowed the Jewish community to flourish.\u00a0 Due to The Inquisition\u2019s expulsion of the Jewish community of Brazil in that country, Cura\u00e7ao became a natural lure for Yidden<\/em> seeking shelter, livelihood and adventure. \u00a0Believe it or not, just around the same time in 1662, Cura\u00e7ao became the center of a brisk slave trade where slaves were brought from Africa and sold throughout the New World.<\/p>\n

Mikve Israel-Emanuel became the oldest congregation in the Western Hemisphere, and Bet Hayim the Jewish cemetery of the Mikve Israel-Emanuel community, may be the oldest Jewish cemetery in the Western Hemisphere rivaling the Jewish cemetery in Kingston, Jamaica.\u00a0 \u00a0What differentiates the two communities is the forgotten remnant of Kingston\u2019s short lived and all but forgotten Jewish community, and Bet Hayim, which holds the key to a remarkable history of a Jewish kehilla<\/em> that actually flourished.<\/p>\n

In 2005, I received an e-mail from Rabbi Ariel Yeshurun, Rav <\/em>of the much newer Orthodox Ashkenazi congregation Shaarei Tzedek, whose in-laws happen to live in Baltimore.\u00a0\u00a0 The email stated that there was a famous liqueur company in Cura\u00e7ao that was seeking kosher certification.\u00a0 This request seemed to be no different from those that the STAR-K receives daily.\u00a0 Usually when such a request arrives, depending upon the product or the location, any one of the staff will handle the process.\u00a0 No question about it, everyone would want to handle a request from Cura\u00e7ao; however, since I am the \u201cliquor\u201d administrator in the STAR-K office, I got the nod.\u00a0\u00a0 We typically send a company a data form, basically a feasibility study, to see whether or how a product can be certified. \u00a0\u00a0At first, the company did not respond.\u00a0 In 2010, Mrs. Loes van der Woude, new managing director of Senior & Company, faithfully returned the form stating that they were seeking certification of their Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao liqueur to help expand their market, as well as the marketability of their internationally acclaimed product. \u00a0Liqueurs are different from liquor, beer, or wine even though they are all alcoholic beverages.\u00a0 Liqueurs do not require a fermentation process like wine, beer, or whisky; they may go through a distillation process.\u00a0 Liqueurs do not have rigid protocol and regulations and can obtain their alcohol from many sources.\u00a0 Ethyl alcohol that is used in the manufacturing of liqueurs can come from natural or synthetic sources.\u00a0 It can be derived from grain and could present possible chometz<\/em> issues, or it can be derived from wine and present kashrus<\/em> issues.\u00a0 Liqueurs use flavoring and colorants that require reliable kosher certification.\u00a0 Furthermore, glycerin can be used to emulsify the ingredients and can be derived from animal, vegetable and\/or synthetic sources.\u00a0 Unquestionably, if Senior & Company was to be kosher certified, all of their raw materials would need to bear reliable kosher certification.\u00a0 The quest for kosher certification began.<\/p>\n

One key question that has to be raised with any company seeking kosher certification, especially companies that potentially use grain or grain derived ingredients, is whether or not the ownership of the company is Jewish.\u00a0 Rabbi Yeshurun answered that question in his initial e-mail; the company was founded by Jews and has Jewish ownership to this day.\u00a0 Therefore, Senior & Company\u2019s\u00a0 source of alcohol had to be limited to ethyl alcohol that was not derived from a chometz<\/em> grain source , to avoid any potential issues of chometz sheavar alav haPesach<\/em>.1<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0 Fortunately,\u00a0 Senior & Company has always used sugar derived ethyl alcohol.\u00a0 Other suppliers had to be changed and kosher letters of certification for their raw materials were requested. \u00a0Finally it was time for the initial inspection.\u00a0 Kosher certification is a blend of \u201cP\u201d and \u201cP\u201d, Products and Process.\u00a0 I always say that ingredients don\u2019t tell the whole story, and in the case of Senior & Company\u2019s Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao it didn\u2019t even tell half of it.<\/p>\n

Cura\u00e7ao is an island that is replete with beauty and character inherent in its white beaches, blue water and Dutch architecture \u2013 a true vacation paradise that rivals her sister island, Aruba.\u00a0 Upon viewing the sunrise over the blue expanse where horizon and water met in the background, and the white beaches and water met in the foreground, while davening neitz<\/em>,2<\/sup><\/a> I was overcome with the wonders of Hashem<\/em>\u2019s creations and felt compelled to recite \u201cOse maase breishis.<\/em>\u201d3<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0After davening<\/em>, Mrs. Van der Woude gave me a ride from the hotel to their facility, and the audit was on.<\/p>\n

Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao is a triple sec liqueur developed in 1886.\u00a0 Triple sec is an orange flavored liqueur. What sets Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao apart from all of its competitors is that it utilizes a natural orange flavor for its award winning taste.\u00a0 The laraha orange tree is a replanted Valencia orange tree brought from Spain in 1499 which did not successfully take to Cura\u00e7ao\u2019s salty and sandy environs.\u00a0 The fruit was bitter and replanting was disappointing.\u00a0 However, as the apocryphal story goes, at one of the family gatherings of the Senior family, a prominent Jewish family on the island with leaders in commerce and trade, it was discovered that although the fruit of the laraha orange tree was bitter, to their amazement \u00a0the peel was flavorful and fragrant.\u00a0 In short, the laraha\u2019s essential oils extracted from authentic laraha orange peels provided the basis for this amazing liqueur.\u00a0 Spices were added to the orange oil and, believe it or not, the same 125-year-old Copper Still is used to this day to produce Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao.<\/p>\n

At this point, I realized that the company\u2019s name, Senior & Company, was not some Spanish made up company name; it is the family name of the founders of the company.\u00a0 Very nice, I thought, but so is Kodak film or Bayer aspirin.\u00a0 However, I would soon find out that to those of us who value \u201cZechor yemos olam binu shnos dor v\u2019dor<\/em>,\u201d4<\/sup><\/a> the Senior name carries far more than award winning liqueur.\u00a0 After carefully reviewing the kosher documentation and actually seeing the process in action, examining all the raw materials, labels and lab reports, I determined that STAR-K would be able to certify their product.\u00a0 \u00a0I then asked if I could see Jewish Cura\u00e7ao, and Mrs. Van der Woulde was only too happy to oblige.<\/p>\n

It took approximately ten minutes to get to the center of town from the quaint and historic Chobolobo Country Mansion, now home of Cura\u00e7ao of Cura\u00e7ao.\u00a0 Historic colorful buildings in Dutch motif dot the downtown area. \u00a0Water and walkways give downtown Willemstad a relaxed atmosphere.\u00a0 We parked near the town hall and took a three minute walk into a 300-year-old time warp.\u00a0 In front of me stood a yellow and white trimmed building where a placard with the phrase, \u2018Baruch Ata B\u2019voecha<\/em>\u2019, was inscribed atop its outer portal.\u00a0 Going into the synagogue courtyard we walked across the way to the sanctuary where atop the archway the pasuk<\/em>, \u201cYaft Elokim l\u2019Yefes vishkon b\u2019oholei Shem<\/em>\u201d,5<\/sup><\/a> adorned the door.\u00a0 The letters Yud<\/em>, Pay<\/em> and Tav<\/em> were enlarged, indicating the year the cornerstone was laid \u2013 in 1730!\u00a0 Mikve Israel-Emanuel has held services in this location since its dedication in 1732, making it the oldest continuously used synagogue in the Western Hemisphere. \u00a0Typical of buildings in Cura\u00e7ao, that get pummeled from salt and water, Mikve Israel-Emanuel was fully renovated in the 1970s to its original grandeur.6<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

In a cordoned off area in the \u00a0synagogue courtyard, one can see the remains of the old mikva<\/em>.\u00a0 In another wing, a museum displaying Judaica of the Cura\u00e7aon kehilla<\/em> was on display.\u00a0 The most prized possession was a Sefer Torah,<\/em> brought from the Netherlands dating back to the 1300s.\u00a0 It is delicate and fragile and would presumably disintegrate at one\u2019s touch.\u00a0 The Torah<\/em>\u2019s atzei chaim<\/em> were housed in a wood frame so that the Torah<\/em> could be read upright in the Sefardic\u00a0 tradition.\u00a0 Special prized pieces such as ornate silver Torah<\/em> crowns, the candelabra which was lit for Kol Nidre<\/em>, and the elevated mahogany bris<\/em> chairs complete with a pull-out shelf for the mohel<\/em>\u2019s equipment, send one\u2019s memories flying.\u00a0 There really was Yiddishkeit<\/em> in Cura\u00e7ao!<\/p>\n

And now for the telling moment.\u00a0 In the museum, the kehilla<\/em> recreated the matzevos<\/em> of the parnasium hachashuvim<\/em> 7<\/sup><\/a>of the kehilla<\/em>.\u00a0 It was done as a tribute to those who gave of themselves to see that Yiddishkeit<\/em> was able to grow and flourish.\u00a0 The replication served a twofold purpose.\u00a0 First, it served to honor those forbearers whose names live on in Cura\u00e7ao \u2013 names such as Maduro, Moreno, and de Cresto \u2013 whose progeny carry their famous surnames.\u00a0 Unfortunately, these replications are the only living memorials we have of those past generations.\u00a0 This became evident as I visited the Bet Chaim cemetery.\u00a0 Tragically, the chemical fumes of the Shell oil refinery built right next to the cemetery have effectively erased the writing from all the matzevos,<\/em> and with it, the stories that those stones conveyed.\u00a0 Amongst the memories that were preserved was of one parnass<\/em> who passed away in 1693.\u00a0 His name was Yitzchak Chaim Senior, the founder of the Senior family dynasty.\u00a0 In 1674, he saw the first Sefardic Chacham<\/em>, Cura\u00e7ao\u2019s first Morah D\u2019asra Horav <\/em>Josiao Pardo, and in the same year saw the building of the first official building of Mikve Israel-Emanuel.\u00a0 Yitzchak Chaim Senior and those like him \u2013 Mordechai de Cresto, Yaakov Alvarez Correa, Avraham Daniel Moreno and Aharon Levi Maduro \u2013 were refugees who escaped religious persecution and established Yiddishkeit<\/em> in a strange new world.\u00a0 I am sure that R\u2019 Yitzchak Chaim Senior would be pleased to know that the work of his descendants proudly bears a STAR-K hechsher<\/em>, and that thousands of brochos<\/em> can now be uttered over the handiwork of his descendants. \u00a0Y\u2019hei Zichro Baruch<\/em>.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\n
\n

<\/a>1. Orach Chaim<\/em> (O.C.<\/em>) 448<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

2. Sunrise<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

3. O.C.<\/em> 228:1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

4. Devarim<\/em> (Parshas Haazinu<\/em>) 32:7<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

5. Breishis<\/em> (Noach<\/em>) 9:27<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

6. In 1964, Mikve Israel combined with Temple Emanuel, a Reform temple.\u00a0 Today, Shaarei Tzedek is the only Orthodox congregation in Cura\u00e7ao.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

7. Prominent members.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Published Summer 2011<\/p>\n

Cura\u00e7ao? \u00a0Where is Cura\u00e7ao?\u00a0 Better yet, how do you pronounce Cura\u00e7ao?\u00a0 Cura\u00e7ao (cur-a-sow) is a small but beautiful island in the Caribbean Sea off the coast of Venezuela.\u00a0 Cura\u00e7ao is one of three Leeward Islands which use to form part of the former Netherland Antilles.\u00a0 The Netherlands Antilles was made up of six Caribbean islands namely Aruba, Bonaire, Curacao in the south, St. Maarten, St. Eustatius and Saba in the central Caribbean region.\u00a0 In 1986, Aruba left the Antillean constitution to become an autonomous island nation within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.\u00a0 On October 10, 2010, Cura\u00e7ao and Saint Maarten followed suit by also becoming autonomous island nations within the Kingdom of the Netherlands.\u00a0 Bonaire, Saba and St. Eustatius opted to become special municipalities of the Netherlands.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1046,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29,27,55],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kashurs-kurrents-2011","category-kashrus-kurrents","category-summer-kashrus-kurrents-2011"],"yoast_head":"\nParadise Lost - Revisited | STAR-K Kosher Certification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Published Summer 2011 Cura\u00e7ao? 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