{"id":2100,"date":"2015-07-06T16:02:33","date_gmt":"2015-07-06T16:02:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/?p=2100"},"modified":"2016-05-11T16:33:27","modified_gmt":"2016-05-11T16:33:27","slug":"three-mentchen-ready-for-bentchen","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/2100\/three-mentchen-ready-for-bentchen\/","title":{"rendered":"Three Mentchen Ready for Bentchen"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Published Summer 2015<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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The scene is ever so common in Jewish homes.\u00a0\u00a0A delicious meal is served and followed by mayim \u00a0achronim .\u00a0\u00a0Then one of the participants of the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0proclaims, \u201c Rabosai mir vellin bentchen \u201d[1]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0(Gentlemen, let us recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon ), and everyone present responds.[2]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

The basic\u00a0 halachos \u00a0are well known.\u00a0\u00a0If three men who have reached the age of\u00a0 Bar Mitzvah [3]<\/sup><\/a>eat bread[4]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0together, they form a \u201c mezuman. \u201d[5]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0One of them, known as the \u201c mezamein \u201d is the leader.[6]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0If there are ten men, \u201c Elokeinu \u201d is added[7]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0by the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0between the words \u201c Nevoraych \u201d and \u201c She\u2019ochalnu \u201d, and by the rest of the group between \u201c Baruch \u201d and \u201c She\u2019achalnu \u201d.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0 Mishna \u00a0at the beginning of the seventh\u00a0 perek \u00a0of\u00a0 Brochos [8]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0tells us Rule #1 about a mezuman .\u00a0\u00a0The food must be kosher.\u00a0\u00a0The\u00a0 Mishna \u00a0lists examples of questionable and prohibited food and explains that a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0is not formed, and a\u00a0 brocha \u00a0is not even recited on such food.\u00a0\u00a0The\u00a0 Gemara [9]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0explains that the reason is derived from\u00a0 Tehillim ,[10]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0where\u00a0 Dovid Hamelech \u00a0says, \u201c Ubotzei\u2019a Boreich Ni\u2019eitz Hashem. \u201d\u00a0\u00a0This passage teaches us that if a thief recites a\u00a0 brocha \u00a0(on the food he has stolen), the act blasphemes\u00a0 Hashem .\u00a0\u00a0If one knowingly eats something non-kosher, even if the food is only rabbinically prohibited, there is no\u00a0 mezuman and a brocha is not recited before or after consumption.[11]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Blessings are recited only over kosher food.[12]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

I.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b>What Must Be Consumed?<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

All three men who are present are not required to eat bread; only two thirds (i.e., known as a \u201c rubah deminkra \u201d, a noticeable majority) is necessary.\u00a0\u00a0This means at least two men must eat a\u00a0 kezayis \u00a0of bread,[13]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0an amount that obligates them in\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon .[14]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0The third participant only has to eat a\u00a0 kezayis \u00a0of any food.[15]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0Any type of food, including cake, fruit, vegetables or even candy will suffice provided that one eats enough to require a\u00a0 brocha acharona .\u00a0\u00a0Alternatively, the third person can drink a revi\u2019is [16]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0of any beverage (other than water or seltzer).[17]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

To form a\u00a0 minyan \u00a0for a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0(and say \u201c Elokeinu \u201d), at least seven men[18]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0must eat a kezayis \u00a0of bread.\u00a0\u00a0The other three men can eat or drink as noted above.\u00a0\u00a0The same applies to\u00a0 Sheva Brochos .[19]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

II.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b>Eating Together<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Once three people eat together, they may not \u201cbreak up\u201d and recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon without a\u00a0 mezuman .\u00a0\u00a0Similarly, if ten men eat together, they may not break up into smaller groups that cannot say \u201c Elokeinu \u201d.\u00a0\u00a0If necessary, six people who ate together are allowed to split into two groups.\u00a0\u00a0The same applies to 7-9 people; 20 or more people can also break up, if necessary.\u00a0\u00a0A group of 10-19 people may not split.<\/p>\n

In general, once one eats with others he has an obligation to join the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0and he cannot recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0without a\u00a0 mezuman .\u00a0\u00a0However, when necessary, if before sitting down to eat a person says that he has in mind not to formally join the group at the table (e.g., at a wedding),[20]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0he can recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon\u00a0 without a mezuman \u00a0before the rest of the group recites\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0with a\u00a0 mezuman .[21]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Better yet, under the following conditions he can lead the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0before others are ready to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon .\u00a0\u00a0If three men eat a meal and one of them is ready to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0before the others finish their meal, the other two men may stop and respond to him.[22]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0To do so, they should not talk or continue eating until he finishes the first\u00a0 brocha \u00a0( Hazan Es HaKol ).\u00a0\u00a0If two men are ready to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon , the third person who is still eating must stop and answer the\u00a0 mezamein .[23]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0If two \u201cnew\u201d people now sit down with the fellow who answered the\u00a0 mezuman , and the three of them eat a\u00a0 kezayis \u00a0of bread together, another\u00a0 zimun \u00a0can be made.[24]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

If the group occupies two or more tables, a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0is formed if they see each other and are part of one group, such as one family,[25]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0one\u00a0 yeshiva ,[26]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0or any group that has come together to eat (e.g., a\u00a0 simcha ).[27]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0A\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0of three men can be formed in a car, bus, train or airplane.\u00a0\u00a0However, \u201c Elokeinu \u201d is not added if ten men are in transit together.[28]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

If two men who ate bread together finished eating and continued to talk (i.e., they did not end the meal), and then a third man walks in and eats bread (or anything else), a mezuman \u00a0has been formed even though they did not \u201ceat together\u201d.\u00a0\u00a0Since the original two men could have eaten with the latecomer had they desired to do so, this constitutes eating \u201ctogether\u201d.[29]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0However, if the two men had already washed\u00a0 mayim acharonim [30]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0before the third person came and ate, there is no\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0as one may no longer eat after washing\u00a0 mayim acharonim .[31]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Therefore, we do not consider them as having eaten \u201ctogether\u201d.<\/p>\n

If three men ate bread and one of them forgot that there is a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0and recited Birchas Hamazon , one of the two remaining men can still lead the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0before he says\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon .[32]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0The other two men (including the one who already recited Birchas \u00a0 Hamazon ) respond.\u00a0\u00a0However, if only two men ate bread and one ate or drank something else, and any one of them forgot and recited the necessary\u00a0 brocha acharona ,[33]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0it is too late to say\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0with a\u00a0 mezuman .[34]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

A\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0should not be formed (i.e., three men should not sit together) at the seudas hamafsekes \u00a0on\u00a0 erev Tisha B\u2019Av \u00a0(that falls on a weekday).\u00a0\u00a0At a\u00a0 seudas havra\u2019a ,[35]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0the\u00a0 availim \u00a0should\u00a0 l\u2019chatchilah \u00a0not sit together to form a\u00a0 mezuman .[36]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 Availim\u00a0 can form a\u00a0 mezuman .[37]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

III.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b>Someone Who Did Not Eat<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

If someone does not eat or drink anything[38]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0and is in the presence of three men who have formed a\u00a0 mezuman , he can still answer \u201c Yehi shaim Hashem \u00a0\u2026\u201d\u00a0\u00a0Then, when the mezamein \u00a0says \u201c Nevoraych \u00a0sheachalnu\u00a0mishelo ,\u201d this fourth person who did not eat should say the following (i.e., a different\u00a0 nusach \u00a0than those who ate), \u201c Baruch umevorach shmo tamid l\u2019olam vaed .\u201d[39]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Similarly, if there are ten men answering, an \u201c11th<\/sup>\u00a0person\u201d present who did not eat[40]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0should respond \u201c Baruch Elokeinu u\u2019mevorach shmo \u00a0\u2026\u201d[41]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

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IV.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/b>The\u00a0 Mezamein \u00a0(Leader)<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Ideally,[42]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0holds a cup[43]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0( kos ) of wine (or grape juice) when leading the mezuman .[44]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0After completing\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon , a\u00a0 Borei Pri Hagafen \u00a0is recited and he drinks from the cup.[45]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0It is\u00a0 mehudar \u00a0to drink a\u00a0 revi\u2019is , however, one is\u00a0 yotzai \u00a0even if he only drinks a small amount from this \u201c kos shel brocha \u201d (cup over which the blessing was recited).\u00a0\u00a0 L\u2019maaseh , the prevalent\u00a0 minhag \u00a0at most meals is not to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0on a\u00a0 kos .[46]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0Nonetheless, many have a\u00a0 kos \u00a0when there is a\u00a0 minyan \u00a0or at a seudas mitzvah .\u00a0\u00a0Some also use a\u00a0 kos \u00a0on\u00a0 Shabbos \u00a0and\u00a0 Yom Tov .[47]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

Although women do not form a\u00a0 mezuman ,[48]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0if they eat together with a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0of men they must answer the\u00a0 mezamein .[49]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0If they are too busy to say\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon at that time, they should answer the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0thereby participating in the\u00a0 mezuman and then recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0later.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0 minhag \u00a0of\u00a0 Ashkenazim \u00a0is that all three (or 10) members of the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0must be Bar Mitzvah .[50]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0 Sfardim \u00a0allow one of the three (or 10) men to be as young as 9 years old.[51]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0If an Ashkenazi eats at the home\u00a0of\u00a0\u00a0 Sfardim , and the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0consists of a Sfardi over the age of\u00a0 Bar Mitzvah , a 9-year old Sfardi and the Ashkenazi, the Ashkenazi can participate but cannot be the\u00a0 mezamein .[52]<\/a><\/sup><\/p>\n

Technically, the\u00a0 baal habayis [53]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0can ask whomever he wants to be the\u00a0 mezamein .[54]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0\u00a0It is praiseworthy to honor any of the following individuals to lead\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon :\u00a0\u00a0a guest,[55]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0a\u00a0 Talmid chochom , a\u00a0 kohen , a\u00a0 Levi , one who has\u00a0 yahrzheit \u00a0or who is in the 12 months of\u00a0 aveilus .[56]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n

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Sefer \u00a0 Shoshanim \u00a0L\u2019Dovid [57]<\/sup><\/a>\u00a0asks why we say in\u00a0 Birchas HaTorah \u00a0\u201c Barchu es Hashem \u201d, yet during a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0with a\u00a0 minyan \u00a0we say \u201c Elokeinu\u201d , a different name of\u00a0 Hakadosh Boruch Hu ?\u00a0\u00a0He answers that the name \u201c Elokeinu \u201d signifies din \/judgment, and the name of\u00a0 Hashem \u00a0that we recite signifies\u00a0 rachamim \/mercy.\u00a0When we learn\u00a0 Torah , it is a\u00a0 shaas rachamim \u00a0(time of mercy).\u00a0\u00a0However, when we eat it is a time of\u00a0 din \/judgment.\u00a0\u00a0Indeed, when a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0is formed and there is a \u201cpublic\u201d display of praising the\u00a0 Ribbono Shel Olam , this \u00a0zechus \u00a0allows all of those present to receive a favorable judgment for\u00a0 parnassah ,\u00a0 brocha \u00a0and hatzlacha .<\/p>\n

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[1]<\/a>\u00a0Or \u201c Rabbosai \u00a0Nevoraych \u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[2]<\/a>\u00a0The ancient custom was that the\u00a0 mezamein\u00a0 was\u00a0 motzi \u00a0all those present by reciting the entire\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0out loud.\u00a0\u00a0Today, the custom is that each person \u201canswers\u201d the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0at the beginning and then recites\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0by himself quietly.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[3]<\/a>\u00a0The custom of\u00a0 Sfardim \u00a0regarding boys under\u00a0 Bar Mitzvah \u00a0is addressed in Section IV.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[4]<\/a>\u00a0The same applies to any\u00a0 hamotzi\u00a0 item (e.g.,\u00a0 matzah ) upon which\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0is recited.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[5]<\/a>\u00a0The full text of the\u00a0 mezuman\u00a0 is found in any\u00a0 siddur \u00a0or \u201c bentcher \u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[6]<\/a>\u00a0It is proper for the one who leads the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0to also recite the entire first\u00a0 brocha \u00a0(through\u00a0 Hazan es hakol ) out loud, while everyone else recites it quietly with him,\u00a0 Shulchan Aruch \u00a0 Orach Chaim (hereafter abbreviated\u00a0 S.A. ) 183:7.\u00a0\u00a0[See\u00a0 Sefer Zimun K\u2019hilchasa \u00a0pg. 13, which discusses the basis of those who do not recite the first\u00a0 brocha \u00a0out loud.]\u00a0\u00a0Furthermore, after the participants complete each brocha , the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0says the end of the\u00a0 brocha \u00a0out loud for everyone to hear and answer \u201c Amen\u201d .\u00a0Note that sections of\u00a0 Yaaleh v\u2019yavo \u00a0recited out loud in\u00a0 shul \u00a0should not be recited out loud during Birchas Hamazon , as the participants cannot answer \u201c Amen \u201d in the middle of\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon (whereas in\u00a0 shul , they are allowed to answer \u201c Amen \u201d during\u00a0 chazaras hashatz ).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[7]<\/a>\u00a0There is an\u00a0 inyan \u00a0to briefly rise when saying \u201c Elokeinu \u201d ( Eishel Avraham -Buchech 192:1), as long as it can be done without spilling the wine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[8]<\/a>\u00a0This\u00a0 perek , which begins on\u00a0 Daf\u00a0 45a, is dedicated primarily to the\u00a0 halachos \u00a0of\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0and mezuman .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[9]<\/a>\u00a0Also found in\u00a0 Bava Kamma \u00a094a<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[10]<\/a>\u00a0 Tehillim \u00a010:3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[11]<\/a>\u00a0 S.A. \u00a0196:1 and\u00a0 Mishna Brura\u00a0 ( M.B. )\u00a0 Seif Katan \u00a0( S.K. ) 3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[12]<\/a>\u00a0If one inadvertently ate non-kosher food, he should recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0(or an after- brocha , depending upon what he ate).\u00a0\u00a0However, he may not be counted as part of a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0( M.B. \u00a0196:4).\u00a0\u00a0If a\u00a0 choleh sheyaish\u00a0bo\u00a0sakana \u00a0(someone with a life-threatening illness) needs to eat non-kosher food, he should recite\u00a0 brochos \u00a0and he can be part of a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0( S.A. \u00a0196:2).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[13]<\/a>\u00a0This is true even if more people ate other food.\u00a0\u00a0For example, a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0is formed if two men ate bread and six men ate fruit.\u00a0\u00a0The two still constitute a noticeable majority of the minimum requirement of three.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[14]<\/a>\u00a0This means that the\u00a0 kezayis \u00a0must be consumed \u00a0b\u2019kday achilas pras .\u00a0\u00a0Therefore, one must consume 1.33 fl. oz. (40 ml) of food ideally within a span of 2 minutes, but\u00a0 b\u2019dieved \u00a0even within a span of up to 4 minutes.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[15]<\/a>\u00a0However, he may not be the\u00a0 mezamein .\u00a0\u00a0He recites his\u00a0 brocha acharona \u00a0after answering \u201c Amen \u201d to \u201c Hazan Es Hakol \u201d,\u00a0 M.B. \u00a0183:28.\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 Chazon Ish Orach Chaim \u00a030:2, who disagrees and says one may recite a\u00a0 brocha acharona \u00a0immediately after answering the\u00a0 mezamein .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[16]<\/a>\u00a0The third person should drink at least a\u00a0 revi\u2019is , 4 fl. oz. (118 ml), within 30 seconds.\u00a0\u00a0The Biur Halacha \u00a0(197:2\u00a0 sheyaish\u00a0bo ) says one can possibly be\u00a0 maykil \u00a0if the third person drank a \u201c rov revi\u2019is \u201d \u2013 slightly larger than half a\u00a0 revi\u2019is\u00a0 (2.1 fl. oz.).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[17]<\/a>\u00a0This is the opinion of the\u00a0 S.A.\u00a0 (197:2); others allow water.\u00a0\u00a0For further discussion, see\u00a0 M.B. 197:12 and\u00a0 Sefer Zimun K\u2019hilchasa \u00a0pg. 10.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[18]<\/a>\u00a0Seven is the minimum number that constitutes a \u201c rubah d\u2019minkra \u201d, i.e., two-thirds of 10.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[19]<\/a>\u00a0This means that at least seven men must eat bread to recite\u00a0 Sheva Brochos .\u00a0\u00a0The other three who eat or drink something else cannot lead\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon , but they could recite\u00a0 sheva brochos .\u00a0\u00a0There are other requirements for\u00a0 Sheva Brochos \u00a0beyond the scope of our discussion (e.g.,\u00a0 panim chadashos , etc.).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[20]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Igros Moshe Orach Chaim \u00a01:56, who says \u201c Yomru b\u2019feirush\u00a0kodem..she\u2019ayn\u00a0mischavinl\u2019hitztaraph .\u201d\u00a0\u00a0This\u00a0 heter \u00a0is for when he has a need to leave before\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0because the meal is lengthy (e.g., a wedding, when it is difficult to stay until the end) or due to another davar \u00a0nachutz\u00a0\u00a0( important matter).\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 Ba\u2019er \u00a0Moshe \u00a03:32 who adds that one should ideally also begin eating before or after the others at the table, thereby not forming\u00a0 k\u2019vius \u00a0with them.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[21]<\/a>\u00a0In such a case, if three men are ready to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon , they may make a mezuman .\u00a0\u00a0At a wedding, if ten men are ready to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0early, if they make a mezuman \u00a0they would need to also recite\u00a0 Sheva \u00a0Brochos , which may prove to be impractical.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[22]<\/a>\u00a0If they do not want to interrupt their meal, they are not required to stop and he will have to wait to recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon . Furthermore, if it is not urgent it is not\u00a0 derech \u00a0eretz \u00a0for one person to ask two individuals to stop their meal unless he assumes that they will not be makpid .\u00a0\u00a0A son must stop for a father and a student for his\u00a0 rebbi\u00a0 ( Shaarei Teshuva \u00a0 Siman \u00a0200).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[23]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 S.A.\u00a0 and \u00a0Rama siman \u00a0200:1 & 2.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[24]<\/a>\u00a0 M.B. \u00a0193:33.\u00a0\u00a0Also see\u00a0 M.B.\u00a0 200:9, who\u00a0discusses\u00a0this case and an array of similar cases concerning a\u00a0 mezuman\u00a0 of three or ten.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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[25]<\/a>\u00a0 M.B. \u00a0193:18.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[26]<\/a>\u00a0 HaRav \u00a0Moshe Heinemann,\u00a0 shlit\u201da , noted that it is said in the name of\u00a0 HaRav \u00a0Aron\u00a0Kotler, zt\u201dl \u00a0that individuals eating in a\u00a0 yeshiva \u00a0dining room at a time set by the administration form a mezuman , even if they are eating at different tables, as long as they see each other.\u00a0\u00a0This is true both on\u00a0 Shabbos \u00a0and during the week.\u00a0\u00a0A similar opinion is found in\u00a0 Minchas Yitzchok (8:8:3).\u00a0\u00a0For a full discussion, see\u00a0 Sefer V\u2019zos Habracha \u00a0Chap. 14 which quotes additional opinions on this issue.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[27]<\/a>\u00a0In a restaurant, if two men are at one table and two men are at a different table, there is no\u00a0 mezuman\u00a0\u00a0 ( Minchas Yitzchok \u00a08:8:3).\u00a0\u00a0However, if three men are at one table and form a mezuman , individuals at other tables may respond (see\u00a0 Piskei \u00a0Teshuvos \u00a0193:7).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[28]<\/a>\u00a0 M.B.\u00a0 193:26<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[29]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 S.A. \u00a0197:1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[30]<\/a>\u00a0According to some opinions, they can no longer form a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0with a third person even if they simply said, \u201cLet\u2019s\u00a0 bentch \u201d\u00a0\u00a0(see\u00a0 Biur Halacha \u00a0197, \u201c Aval im \u2026\u201d).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[31]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Rama \u00a0197:1.\u00a0\u00a0Similarly, a\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0is formed if two men ate meat and one ate dairy.\u00a0In such a case, the custom is for the one who ate dairy to lead the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0because he is able to also eat meat.\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 M.B.\u00a0 196:9, who also discusses cases where the dairy is hard cheese.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[32]<\/a>\u00a0Thus, the two people who recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon \u00a0are\u00a0 yotzai zimun .\u00a0\u00a0The one who forgot is not\u00a0 yotzai zimun \u00a0(\u201c parach zimun\u00a0minay \u201d).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[33]<\/a>\u00a0In other words, either of the following inadvertently occurred without a\u00a0 mezuman :\u00a0\u00a0One of the men who ate bread recited\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon , or the one who ate other food or drank recited the necessary\u00a0 brocha acharona .\u00a0\u00a0In either case, there is no\u00a0 mezuman .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[34]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Rama \u00a0197:1<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[35]<\/a>\u00a0The meal the mourners eat after a funeral.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[36]<\/a>\u00a0 Gesher \u00a0Hachaim\u00a0 2:18:1, if they did sit together at the\u00a0 seudas \u00a0havra\u2019a \u00a0they would\u00a0 bentch b\u2019mezuman \u00a0(without \u201c Elokeinu \u201d, even if there are ten men).\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 Shach \u00a0Yoreh\u00a0Deah \u00a0379:6.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[37]<\/a>\u00a0 Shulchan \u00a0Aruch\u00a0Yoreh\u00a0Deah \u00a0379:6<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[38]<\/a>\u00a0If he drinks water, although he is not\u00a0 mitztaref \u00a0to the\u00a0 mezuman , he can still respond like those who ate.\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 Aruch Hashulchan \u00a0(198:2).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[39]<\/a>\u00a0If he came in as they were already responding \u201c Baruch\u00a0Sheachalnu \u201d \u2013 he should simply respond \u201c Amen \u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[40]<\/a>\u00a0If this 11th<\/sup>\u00a0person just had something to drink, see\u00a0 M.B.\u00a0 198:1.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[41]<\/a>\u00a0If he is at a\u00a0 Sheva Brochos \u00a0and did not eat, he should respond, \u201c Boruch Elokeinu u\u2019mevorach shmo tamid\u00a0l\u2019olam\u00a0vaed\u00a0shehasimcha\u00a0b\u2019mono \u201d ( M.B. \u00a0198:6).\u00a0\u00a0 Likutei \u00a0Maharich ( Seder \u00a0 Birchas Hamazon ) says to insert \u201c shehasimcha \u00a0b\u2019mono \u201d after saying \u201c Elokeinu \u201d.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[42]<\/a>\u00a0It is a\u00a0 mitzvah min hamuvchar \u00a0to have a\u00a0 kos \u00a0( S.A. \u00a0192:1).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[43]<\/a>\u00a0The cup must hold at least a\u00a0 revi\u2019is \u00a0(3.8 fl. oz.) and in general is similar in\u00a0 halacha \u00a0to a cup used for\u00a0 Kiddush \u00a0(full, etc.).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[44]<\/a>\u00a0The custom is to hold the cup up through \u201c Al\u00a0Yichasraynu \u201d ( Ktzos \u00a0Hashulchan \u00a046:f21).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[45]<\/a>\u00a0If it is after sunset at the end of\u00a0 Shabbos \u00a0or\u00a0 Yom Tov , one does not drink from the cup (unless it is\u00a0 Sheva Brochos ).\u00a0\u00a0The custom in many\u00a0 shuls \u00a0is to save it for\u00a0 havadala .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[46]<\/a>\u00a0 Igros \u00a0Moshe\u00a0Yoreh\u00a0Deah \u00a03:52:3.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[47]<\/a>\u00a0Of course, a\u00a0 kos \u00a0is required at\u00a0 Sheva Brochos \u00a0and it is customary at the\u00a0 seuda \u00a0of a\u00a0 bris (each of these occasions has a special\u00a0 nusach \u00a0as printed in most\u00a0 bentchers ).\u00a0\u00a0A\u00a0 kos \u00a0is also required at the\u00a0 seder \u00a0on the first two nights of\u00a0 Pesach \u00a0(even if there are less than three men, and the\u00a0 \u201cmezuman\u00a0nusach\u201d\u00a0 is not recited).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[48]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Biur Halacha \u00a0199:7, \u201c Nashim \u2026ach\u00a0haolam\u00a0lo\u00a0nahagen\u00a0kayn .\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[49]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 S.A.\u00a0 199:7 and\u00a0 Biur \u00a0Halacha \u00a0\u201c V\u2019yotzos \u2026 elah …\u201d\u00a0\u00a0For further discussion, see\u00a0 Piskei Teshuvos \u00a0199:f9.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[50]<\/a>\u00a0 Rama \u00a0199:9<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[51]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 S.A. \u00a0199:9 and\u00a0 M.B. S.K. \u00a024; however, the 9-year old cannot lead the\u00a0 mezuman.\u00a0\u00a0 He can lead only after his\u00a0 Bar Mitzvah .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[52]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Sefer V\u2019zos Habrocha \u00a0Chapter 14.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[53]<\/a>\u00a0When a guest leads\u00a0 bentching , the custom is to add the words \u201c Birshus \u00a0Baal\u00a0Habayis \u201d.\u00a0Additions of \u201c Birshus \u00a0Harav \u201d or \u201c Birshus \u00a0Hakohain \u201d, etc. are added when relevant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[54]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 Sefer\u00a0Ktzos\u00a0Hashulchan\u00a0siman \u00a045 in the\u00a0 Badei Hashulchan\u00a0 end of\u00a0 oys \u00a042 in the name of the\u00a0 Levush .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[55]<\/a>\u00a0See\u00a0 S.A.\u00a0 201:1, who notes that the guest should also recite the\u00a0 Yehi \u00a0Ratzon \u00a0insertion as a special\u00a0 brocha \u00a0for the host.\u00a0\u00a0See\u00a0 Seder\u00a0Birkas\u00a0HaMazon\u00a0 (Dayan\u00a0Raskin, London 5774) ,\u00a0excerpt from forthcoming edition of\u00a0 Siddur\u00a0Rabeinu\u00a0Hazaken\u00a0im\u00a0Tziyunim\u00a0Mekoros\u00a0ve\u2019Heoros , pgs. 50-51 for an explanation as to why the\u00a0 nusach \u00a0was not found in\u00a0most earlier\u00a0 siddurim \u00a0and why some are not\u00a0 noheg \u00a0to say it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[56]<\/a>\u00a0For more detailed specifics regarding which of the above takes precedence, see\u00a0 S.A. \u00a0201 and the various\u00a0 nosei keilim \u00a0on the\u00a0 siman .<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

[57]<\/a>\u00a0 Brochos \u00a07:3<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Published Summer 2015<\/p>\n

The scene is ever so common in Jewish homes.\u00a0\u00a0A delicious meal is served and followed by mayim \u00a0achronim .\u00a0\u00a0Then one of the participants of the\u00a0 mezuman \u00a0proclaims, \u201c Rabosai mir vellin bentchen \u201d[1]<\/a>\u00a0(Gentlemen, let us recite\u00a0 Birchas Hamazon ), and everyone present responds.[2]<\/a><\/p>\n

The basic\u00a0 halachos \u00a0are well known.\u00a0\u00a0If three men who have reached the age of\u00a0 Bar Mitzvah [3]<\/a>eat bread[4]<\/a>\u00a0together, they form a \u201c mezuman. \u201d[5]<\/a>\u00a0One of them, known as the \u201c mezamein \u201d is the leader.[6]<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0If there are ten men, \u201c Elokeinu \u201d is added[7]<\/a>\u00a0by the\u00a0 mezamein \u00a0between the words \u201c Nevoraych \u201d and \u201c She\u2019ochalnu \u201d, and by the rest of the group between \u201c Baruch \u201d and \u201c She\u2019achalnu \u201d.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0 Mishna \u00a0at the beginning of the seventh\u00a0 perek \u00a0of\u00a0 Brochos [...]<\/a> Read More<\/a>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[93,27,94],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2100","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kashurs-kurrents-2015","category-kashrus-kurrents","category-summer-kashrus-kurrents-2015"],"yoast_head":"\nThree Mentchen Ready for Bentchen | STAR-K Kosher Certification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Published Summer 2015 The scene is ever so common in Jewish homes.\u00a0\u00a0A delicious meal is served and followed by mayim \u00a0achronim .\u00a0\u00a0Then one of the\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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