{"id":15409,"date":"2025-01-28T22:16:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T22:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/?p=15409"},"modified":"2025-01-28T22:17:01","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T22:17:01","slug":"the-mitzvah-of-pidyon-haben","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/15409\/the-mitzvah-of-pidyon-haben\/","title":{"rendered":"The Mitzvah of Pidyon Haben: A Brief Overview"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Winter 2025<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mazel tov, you are the new parents of a baby boy! If the baby is the <em>bechor<\/em> of his mother \u2013 meaning that he is his <em>mother\u2019s<\/em> first child \u2013 he will need to be redeemed by a kohen. The Torah tells us that Hashem slew every firstborn male in Mitzrayim, passing over the houses of the Bnei Yisrael. As a result, firstborn males acquired a measure of <em>kedusha<\/em> and must be redeemed by a kohen. The halachos of <em>pidyon haben <\/em>are somewhat complex and you may not have the time to familiarize yourself with them. Here, then, is a brief primer according to Ashkenazi custom.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>When Is a <em>Pidyon<\/em> Not Required?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the baby is not his mother\u2019s first child, even if he is his father\u2019s first child<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the father is a kohen or levi, or if the mother is the daughter of a kohen or levi<a id=\"_ftnref2\" href=\"#_ftn2\">[2]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the baby was born through a cesarean delivery<a id=\"_ftnref3\" href=\"#_ftn3\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If forceps were used in the delivery of the baby \u2013 a <em>rav <\/em>should be consulted<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the mother had previously miscarried before the <em>bechor<\/em> was born \u2013 a <em>pidyon<\/em> may or may not be needed. It depends on how advanced the pregnancy was before the miscarriage. If the fetus was more than three months old, the subsequent baby does not need a <em>pidyon<\/em>. If the fetus was definitely less than forty days old, the subsequent baby does need a <em>pidyon<\/em>. If the fetus was between forty days and three months old, a <em>rav<\/em> should be consulted.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If an <em>aino Yehudi <\/em>gives birth to a firstborn who subsequently converts, that <em>ger<\/em> does not need a <em>pidyon<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>When Should the <em>Pidyon<\/em> Be Performed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The <em>pidyon<\/em> is performed on the thirty-first day after birth, with the day of birth being Day One of the count. Sefardim generally do the <em>pidyon<\/em> at night, whereas Ashkenazim wait till the following day.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Thus, if the baby is born on Sunday afternoon one hour before sunset, that Sunday is Day One. The following Sundays are Days Eight, Fifteen, Twenty-Two and Twenty-Nine. The Monday after that is Day Thirty. The <em>pidyon <\/em>will be performed on Tuesday during the daytime, generally in the afternoon.<a href=\"#_ftn4\" id=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>If the baby is born during <em>bein hashmashos<\/em>, the following day will be Day One.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The <em>pidyon<\/em> is not performed on Shabbos or Yom Tov. If the thirty-first day is Shabbos or Yom Tov, the <em>pidyon<\/em> should be performed on the first weekday that follows.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If the <em>pidyon<\/em> occurs on a fast day, it is customary to perform the <em>pidyon<\/em> on that day and eat the seudah immediately after the fast.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If a baby was born more than a month before the due date, a <em>rav<\/em> should be consulted as to when to perform the <em>pidyon<\/em>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>If a father was not <em>podeh<\/em> his son, the son is obligated to be <em>podeh<\/em> himself after he becomes Bar Mitzvah and has <em>simanim<\/em> of an adult.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Paying the Kohen<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>For the <em>pidyon<\/em>, the father should give the kohen approximately one hundred grams (3.53 oz.) of silver. The American Silver Eagle coin contains one troy ounce of silver, which roughly equals 31 grams of silver. Four coins would be sufficient for <em>pidyon<\/em>, although five are often used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The U.S. Mint has produced other Silver Dollar coin designs which are only 40% silver. If old coins or silver molds are used, it should be verified that they contain the required amount of silver. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Qualifications of a Kohen<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>There are kohanim who have a family tree and can trace their kohen status back many generations. There is a benefit to using such a kohen for the <em>pidyon<\/em>, but it is not necessary. The kohen should ideally be G-d fearing and knowledgeable in Torah. The kohen may not be a <em>cholol <\/em>(the product of certain forbidden relationships). One may not use a kohen who publicly desecrates Shabbos or who does not keep the mitzvos unique to kohanim.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" id=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Pidyon Ceremony<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is customary to have a minyan of men present at the <em>pidyon<\/em> and to have a <em>seudas mitzvah<\/em>. Those present should first wash their hands and eat bread. The <em>pidyon <\/em>is then performed when the meal begins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is a widespread custom to place the baby on a silver tray. Women place jewelry on the tray around the baby, and the father carries the tray to the kohen. Customarily, the kohen sits and the father stands. The kohen should have a cup of wine in front of him, unless the <em>pidyon<\/em> occurs on a fast day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The father and the kohen recite the text of the <em>pidyon<\/em>, which is printed in siddurim. The father should take care to finish saying the <em>brachos<\/em> before handing the money to the kohen. The kohen concludes the ceremony by making a <em>bracha<\/em> on the cup of wine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>It is customary to distribute garlic cloves and sugar cubes at a <em>pidyon<\/em> which the participants take home and use to season food for their family. Although the origin is unclear, it is said that eating from the seudah of a <em>pidyon<\/em> is equivalent to fasting eighty-four fasts.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>More Questions\u2026<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>What happens if the father is no longer alive? What if he is alive but absent? What if he is not Jewish? These and many more questions are beyond the scope of this brief article.<a href=\"#_ftn6\" id=\"_ftnref6\">[6]<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>When your baby grows up, may you have the <em>zechus<\/em> to learn these <em>halachos<\/em> in depth together with him <em>b\u2019chavrusah<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" id=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> For a discussion of Sephardi customs, refer to <em>Sefer<\/em> <em>Yalkut Yosef: <\/em><em>Sovah Semachot,<\/em> Vol. 2, by Rabbi Yitzchak Yosef (Jerusalem: Machon Chazon Ovadia, 2004). &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" id=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> If the father is a kohen or the mother is a bas kohen, and the baby is the product of a forbidden relationship, a <em>rav<\/em> should be consulted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" id=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> The next boy born will not need a <em>pidyon<\/em> even if he had a natural birth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" id=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Regarding the earliest possible time for <em>pidyon<\/em>, see <em>Teshuvos Kesav Sofer Y.D<\/em>. 151 and <em>Shaarei Zmanim siman<\/em> 16.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a id=\"_ftn5\" href=\"#_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a> See \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/14870\/maintaining-kedushas-kehuna\/\">Maintaining <em>Kedushas Kehuna<\/em> on Land, Air and Sea<\/a>\u201d by this author for an overview of some of these mitzvos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" id=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> For a comprehensive treatment of <em>hilchos pidyon haben<\/em>, see <em>Pidyon Haben Kehilchoso<\/em>, 8<sup>th<\/sup> edition, by Rabbi Gedalia Oberlander (Monsey: Merkaz Halacha, 2018).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Winter 2025<\/p>\n<p>Mazel tov, you are the new parents of a baby boy! If the baby is the bechor of his mother \u2013 meaning that he is his mother\u2019s first child \u2013 he will need to be redeemed by a kohen. The Torah tells us that Hashem slew every firstborn male in Mitzrayim, passing over the houses of the Bnei Yisrael. As a result, firstborn males acquired a measure of kedusha and must be redeemed by a kohen. The halachos of pidyon haben are somewhat complex and you may not have the time to familiarize yourself with them. Here, then, is a brief primer according to Ashkenazi custom.<a href=\"#_ftn1\" id=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>When Is a Pidyon Not Required?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If the baby is not his mother\u2019s first child, even if he is his father\u2019s first child<\/p>\n<p>If the father is a kohen or levi, or if the mother is the daughter of a kohen or levi<a id=\"_ftnref2\" <a href=\"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/15409\/the-mitzvah-of-pidyon-haben\/\">[...]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/15409\/the-mitzvah-of-pidyon-haben\/\"  class=\"more-link\">Read More<\/a>\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[541,27,517],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15409","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kashrus-kurrents-2025","category-kashrus-kurrents","category-winter-kashrus-kurrents-2025"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Mitzvah of Pidyon Haben: A Brief Overview | STAR-K Kosher Certification<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Winter 2025 Mazel tov, you are the new parents of a baby boy! If the baby is the bechor of his mother \u2013 meaning that he is his mother\u2019s first child \u2013 he\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.star-k.org\/articles\/kashrus-kurrents\/15409\/the-mitzvah-of-pidyon-haben\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Mitzvah of Pidyon Haben: A Brief Overview | STAR-K Kosher Certification\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Winter 2025 Mazel tov, you are the new parents of a baby boy! 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